在当今信息化时代，服务器作为企业、组织和个人信息存储、处理和传输的核心，其类型的选择对于系统的稳定性和性能至关重要。Linux系统因其开源、安全、稳定等特点，在服务器领域得到了广泛应用。那么，如何在Linux环境下查看服务器的类型呢？本文将围绕这一主题展开，探讨Linux下查看服务器类型的多种方法，并针对相关问题进行解答。

一、Linux下查看服务器类型的方法

1. 通过系统信息查看

（1）使用`cat`命令查看内核版本信息

在终端输入以下命令，可以查看服务器的内核版本信息：

```

cat /etc/os-release

```

该命令会输出类似于以下内容的文本：

```

NAME="Ubuntu"

VERSION="18.04.4 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"

ID=ubuntu

ID_LIKE=debian

PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS"

VERSION_ID="18.04"

HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"

SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"

BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"

PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"

VERSION_CODENAME=bionic

UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic

```

从输出结果中可以看出，该服务器运行的是Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS版本。

（2）使用`lsb_release`命令查看发行版信息

在终端输入以下命令，可以查看服务器的发行版信息：

```

lsb_release -a

```

该命令会输出类似于以下内容的文本：

```

No LSB modules are available.

Distributor ID: Ubuntu

Description: Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS

Release: 18.04

Codename: bionic

```

从输出结果中可以看出，该服务器运行的是Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS版本。

2. 通过硬件信息查看

（1）使用`lscpu`命令查看CPU信息

在终端输入以下命令，可以查看服务器的CPU信息：

```

lscpu

```

该命令会输出类似于以下内容的文本：

```

Architecture: x86_64

CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit

Byte Order: Little Endian

CPU(s): 4

On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3

Thread(s) per core: 2

Core(s) per socket: 2

Socket(s): 2

NUMA nodes: 1

Vendor ID: GenuineIntel

CPU family: 6

Model: 79

Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz

Stepping: 4

CPU MHz: 2400.000

CPU max MHz: 2400.0000

CPU min MHz: 1600.0000

BogoMIPS: 4800.00

Virtualization: VT-x

L1d cache: 32K

L1i cache: 32K

L2 cache: 256K

L3 cache: 3072K

NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3

```

从输出结果中可以看出，该服务器的CPU型号为Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2680 v4 @ 2.40GHz。

（2）使用`lshw`命令查看硬件信息

在终端输入以下命令，可以查看服务器的硬件信息：

```

lshw

```

该命令会输出类似于以下内容的文本：

```

lshw: version 2.25.2

*-display UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Graphics Adapter

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0

version: 15.3.4

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 2048MiB

capacity: 2048MiB

width: 64 bits

clock: 33MHz

capabilities: pm msi vga-memory bus-master

configuration: latency=0

*-display

product: VirtualBox Graphics Adapter

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0

version: 15.3.4

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 2048MiB

capacity: 2048MiB

width: 64 bits

clock: 33MHz

capabilities: pm msi vga-memory bus-master

configuration: latency=0

*-network UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0

version: 1.4

serial: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

size: 1Gbit/s

capabilities: pm msi vga-memory bus-master

configuration: latency=0

*-network UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Host-Only Ethernet Adapter

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0

version: 1.4

serial: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

size: 1Gbit/s

capabilities: pm msi vga-memory bus-master

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41 5a 5b 5c 5d

size: 465GiB

capabilities: pm msi

configuration: latency=0

*-storage UNCLAIMED

product: VirtualBox Hard Disk

vendor: Oracle Corporation

physical id: 0

bus info: ide@0,1

version: 5.2

serial: 52 41