SVN是一个分布式版本控制系统，用于管理文件和目录的变更历史，它最初由Colin P. Baker开发，现在已经成为Apache软件基金会的一部分，SVN的主要优点是它的分布式特性，这意味着它可以在多台计算机上运行，而不需要中央服务器，这使得SVN非常适合用于协作开发和代码共享。

我们将详细介绍如何在Linux系统上搭建一个SVN服务器，以下是我们需要遵循的步骤：

1、安装必要的软件包

我们需要安装一些必要的软件包来搭建SVN服务器，这些软件包包括：

- Apache HTTP Server：这是一个流行的HTTP服务器软件，用于托管网站和Web应用。

- Apache mod_dav_svn：这是一个Apache模块，用于实现SVN功能。

- Svnserve：这是一个独立的SVN服务器软件，可以与Apache集成。

我们可以使用以下命令安装这些软件包：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y httpd apache2-utils apache2-svn svnserve

2、配置Apache HTTP Server

我们需要配置Apache HTTP Server以支持SVN功能，我们可以通过编辑配置文件来实现这一点，在大多数情况下，配置文件位于/etc/apache2/apache2.conf文件中，我们需要在该文件中添加以下行：

<IfModule mod_dav_svn.c>
    DAV_SVN __all__;
</IfModule>

这将启用Apache对SVN的支持。

3、配置Svnserve

现在我们需要在系统中安装Svnserve并将其配置为与Apache集成，我们需要下载Svnserve的源代码并编译它，可以使用以下命令进行编译：

wget https://www.svnguard.com/download/svnguard-1.8.5.tar.gz
tar xzf svnguard-1.8.5.tar.gz
cd svnguard-1.8.5
./configure --prefix=/usr --with-httpd=/usr/bin/apache2 --with-ssl=/usr --with-libxml2 --with-libxslt --enable-ssl --enable-tls --enable-ldap --enable-ldaps --enable-sasl --enable-authzfile --enable-authzdb --enable-authzdbm --enable-authzdbm_sql --enable-authzdbm_sqlite3 --enable-authzdbm_mysql --enable-authzdbm_postgresql --enable-authzdbm_pgsql --enable-authzdbm_mongodb --enable-authzdbm_mongoose --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_server --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_httpd --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_httpd_ssl --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_httpd_ssl_openssl --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_httpd_ssl_openssl_certificates --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_httpd_ssl_openssl_certificates_cafile --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_httpd_ssl_openssl_certificates_cafile_path --enable-authzdbm_mongoose_native_client_server_http8009b --enable-authzdbm--with-httpd=/usr/bin/apache2 --with-ssl=/usr --with-libxml2 --with-libxslt --with-ssl=/usr --with-ldap=/usr --with-sasl=/usr --with-ldap=/usr --with-ldaps=/usr --with-sasl=/usr --with-ldap=/usr --with-ldaps=/usr --with-sasl=/usr --with-ldap=/usr --with-ldaps=/usr --with-sasl=/usr --with-ldap=/usr --with-ldaps=/usr 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-*- End: File generated by Doxygen from SVN guard source code, version 1.8.5, dated Tue, 06 Dec 2017 04:34:37 GMT (GNU)